If you have questions or need help during the first six months after your child’s adoption finalizes, contact the Adoption CSW who handled your case prior to finalization. If your adoption has been finalized for more than six months, contact the Los Angeles County Department of Children and Family Services (DCFS) Post Adoption Services (PAS) Unit at (800) 735-4984. A PAS social worker will process AAP inquiries, assist with needed referrals, and handle other concerns or questions. You may also call Alliance for Children’s Rights at (213) 368-6010.

If you have not received an AAP check, or have a change of address, call the AAP Hotline
at (800) 697-4444. Also call this number when you are having problems like your child’s MediCal card is not working.

You are automatically sent one (free) certified copy of your child’s new birth certificate after the adoption is final, which is issued by the California Department of Health Services Office of Vital Records. However, the “automatically” part can take from three to six months. If you’ve been waiting at least three months, you can call the Office of Vital Records at (916) 445-2684. You can also visit their website at www.cdph.ca.gov.

The county clerk of the superior court granting the adoption is required to complete the Court Report of Adoption (VS44) and send a certified copy of the Adoption Report and the Adoption Order to the California Department of Health Services, Office of Vital Records. The new birth certificate will be prepared by the vital records office in the child’s state of birth. If your child was born in another state, the California Office of Vital Records will forward the Report to the vital records office in the child’s state of birth so they can prepare the new birth certificate. If your child was born in another state, you may be required to pay a nominal fee for issuance of the new birth certificate. (The California Office of Vital Records’ $20 registration fee is waived for foster care adoptions for children born in California.) If your child was not born in California and you have not received the birth certificate, call The Alliance or the pro bono attorney who assisted you with the adoption and we can contact the vital records office in the state where your child was born.

At your local Social Security Office, complete an Application for a Social Security Card (Form SS05). You will need to show them original documents proving your child’s U.S. citizenship, age, and identity. You will also need to show them documents proving your identity and your relationship as parent of the child (as you are signing the application on the child’s behalf). If your child is age 12 or older, h/she must appear for an interview at the Social Security office, even if a parent or guardian will sign the application on the child’s behalf.

• For proof of U.S. Citizenship, the Social Security office can accept only certain documents. These include a U.S. birth certificate, U.S. consular report of birth, U.S. passport, Certificate of Naturalization or Certificate of Citizenship.
• For proof of your child’s Age, you must present your child’s birth certificate if you have it. If not, the Social Security Office can consider other documents, such as your child’s passport, to prove age.
• For proof of your child’s Identity, the Social Security office can accept only certain documents. These include a U.S. passport, an Adoption Order, a hospital record, a religious record, or school identification card.
• For proof of your identity, the Social Security office will ask to see your U.S. driver’s license or identification card, U.S. passport, or they will accept other documents such as an employee ID card, school ID card, marriage document, health insurance card, U.S. military ID card, or adoption order.

All documents must be either originals or certified copies. They may use one document for two purposes (such as use your child’s passport as proof of both citizenship and identity; or, may use your child’s birth certificate as proof of age and citizenship). However, you must provide at least two separate documents.

For proof of your child’s U.S. citizenship, age and identity, in lieu of the new birth certificate, you can show the Social Security office your child’s U.S. passport if h/she has one.  If not, you can show your Adoption Order (ADOPT-215), which includes the information regarding the child’s name, date of birth and place of birth.  Along with that, you should show your Adoption Agreement (ADOPT-210), which includes your name(s) as the adoptive parent(s), your child’s original birth name, and your child’s new name after adoption. If you have a copy, you can also show the child’s original birth certificate for proof of U.S. citizenship, along with the adoption documents.  Ask for a supervisor when you go to the Social Security Office, who may have more knowledge and authority to approve your application with the Adoption Order as your proof.  Also, you may contact Cynthia Billey at The Alliance who can provide you a letter to take with you to the Social Security office requesting that they accept the Adoption Order as proof of the child’s citizenship, age and identity.

An ATIN is an Adoption Taxpayer Identification Number issued by the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) as a temporary taxpayer identification number for the child in a domestic adoption where the adopting taxpayers do not have and/or are unable to obtain the child’s existing or a new Social Security Number (SSN) in time to file their tax return. The ATIN is to be used by the adopting taxpayers on their Federal Income Tax return to identify the child while the final domestic adoption is pending or after the adoption is finalized. Thus, for example, if you are unable to obtain an SSN for your adopted child due to the long processing time for issuing new birth certificates, you may apply with the IRS for an ATIN. 

To apply for an ATIN, complete IRS Form W-7A, Application for Taxpayer Identification Number for Pending U.S. Adoptions. This is available at https://www.irs.gov/pub/irs-pdf/fw7a.pdf or by calling 1-800-829-3676. It will generally take 4 to 8 weeks to get an ATIN once the IRS receives a completed Form W-7A. You may be able to use an ATIN on your tax return to take the following tax benefits based on the child: dependency exemption, credit for child and dependent care expenses, adoption credit, child tax credit. Please consult your accountant or a tax preparer for advice in your individual situation. You may call the IRS Information Hotline toll free at (800) 829-1040, or the Austin Service Center at (737) 800-5511 (not a toll-free number). 

To apply for a passport for a child under age 14, adoptive parents must fill out Application For A U.S. Passport Form DS-11 (https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/passports/how-apply.html) and submit it to a passport acceptance agency along with proof of the child’s U.S. citizenship and evidence of the child’s relationship to the parents/guardians. For proof of citizenship, you will need to submit either a certified U.S. birth certificate or a previous fully valid U.S. Passport.  For proof of relationship, you will need to submit either a certified U.S. birth certificate (with parents’ names) or Adoption Order (with adopting parents’ names).  Each parent must submit their own identification (i.e., valid driver’s license passport, etc.) and both parents must appear together and sign the application form. Go to https://travel.state.gov for more information. 

As with applying for a Social Security card, if you have not yet received your child’s new certified birth certificate, you can try submitting the Adoption Order along with the Adoption Agreement or DCFS Consent and Joinder to the passport agency as proof of the child’s U.S. citizenship as well as your relationship to the child.  If you have a certified copy of the child’s original birth certificate, you can submit that along with the Adoption Order and Adoption Agreement showing a change in the child’s name after adoption.  The Adoption Order contains the child’s name, adoptive parents’ name(s), child’s date of birth, and place of birth, all sufficient to prove the child’s U.S. citizenship and the parents’ relationship to the child.  However, it is possible that the passport agency will not accept the Adoption Order alone for purposes of proof of citizenship and will require either the original or new birth certificate or a previous valid U.S. passport.

Yes. Families who adopt a child with special needs from foster care can claim a Federal Adoption Tax Credit without needing to incur or document any adoption expenses. The per-child adoption tax credit for adoptions finalized in 2019 is $14,080. The 2019 adoption tax credit is a non-refundable credit, meaning the credit is an amount you can subtract dollar-for-dollar from the taxes you owe, thus reducing your tax liability. For more information, please consult a tax attorney, tax preparer, accountant, or the IRS (800-829-1040 or www.irs.gov, or www.irs.gov/taxtopics/tc607.html). More detailed information on the adoption tax credit is also available at https://www.nacac.org/help/adoption-tax-credit.

To qualify for the credit without documenting expenses, families must a) have adopted a “child with special needs” from foster care, and b) have a modified adjusted gross income of a certain level. 

• Does my child have special needs? Children who are hard to place for adoption – older children, children of color, sibling groups, and children with medical conditions or disabilities – are often determined to have special needs.  Generally, this means that if a child receives adoption assistance program (AAP) benefits, the adoption assistance agreement is evidence that the state or county has determined that the child has special needs.  These children are eligible for the full tax credit without documenting expenses. 
• Are we financially eligible for the credit? How much, if any, of the credit you can use is based on your income. For 2019, families with a federal modified adjusted gross income below $211,160 can claim full credit. Those with incomes above $251,160 cannot claim the credit. Those with incomes from $211,160 to $251,160 can claim partial credit. Adoptions from previous years had different income levels.

To claim the credit, you need to complete IRS Form 8839 in addition to filing IRS Form 1040 or Form 1040A. You can find Form 8839 at www.irs.gov/pub/irs-pdf/f8839.pdf or by requesting it from 800-829-1040. You can claim the credit in the year the adoption finalized. The IRS no longer requires you to include a copy of your Adoption Order and Adoption Assistance Program (AAP) Agreement (or a copy of the state determination of special needs) with the Form 8839.

Note about refundable adoption tax credit. The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010 made the adoption tax credit refundable for tax years 2010 and 2011 only. When a credit is refundable, individuals can get the credit as a tax refund even after your tax liability has been reduced to zero.

Families who finalized the adoption of a foster child with special needs in 2010 and 2011 only should carefully read any instructions issued by the IRS to determine how the refundable tax credit will actually work in their situation.

Families who adopted from 2005-2009 may be able to benefit from the refundable credit because credits from those years can be carried forward until 2010.  For more information, go to www.nacac.org/taxcredit/taxcredit.html.

You need to respond to the notice immediately. The notice encloses the state AAP 3 form that DCFS is required to send you every two years after the AAP agreement was signed to recertify your continued need for AAP benefits. You must complete and return the AAP 3 Form immediately. If you do not return the AAP 3 form to DCFS within two weeks of the date it was mailed, DCFS may take action to terminate your AAP benefits.

You should check the appropriate boxes indicating that you are legally responsible for the support of the child, and that you are supporting the child; and indicating either that you continue to need AAP benefits for the child at the current level, or that you are requesting an increase in the AAP benefit because the needs of your child have changed.

If your child’s needs have changed and you want to request an increase in the AAP benefits, you may check the appropriate box and complete Section I of the form indicating the needs of the child and circumstances of the family. Include any documentation you have showing the child’s condition(s) and needs.

Make sure to sign and date the form.  If you have any questions about the notice you have received in the mail from DCFS, you should call the DCFS Post-Adoption Services (PAS) Intake Line at 800-735-4984 or call Alliance for Children’s Rights at (213) 368-6010 for assistance.

Yes, adopting parents can at any time request a reassessment of the amount of the child’s AAP benefits based upon reassessment of the child’s needs, i.e., because the child’s needs have changed (for example, the child has a new diagnosis or condition and/or new treatment or services). You should call the PAS Intake Line at 800-735-4984 to initiate a request for reassessment of AAP benefits. You may also request a reassessment of AAP benefits at the time you receive the bi-annual AAP recertification notice from DCFS (see question above). 

AAP benefits terminate on your child’s 18th birthday, even if your child is still enrolled in high school. Your child’s AAP benefits may be extended to age 21, if your child has a documented mental and/or physical disability for which s/he is receiving services from a licensed professional that warrants the continuation of assistance to age 21. If you think your child does qualify for an extension of his/her AAP benefits past their 18th birthday, call the PAS Intake line at 800-735- 4984 to request that DCFS re-assess your child’s needs for continuation of benefits beyond the age of 18. You should call at least three months prior to your child’s 18th birthday.  
 

In addition, your child’s AAP benefits may be extended to age 21 under the specific circumstances of AB 12. Under this California law, a child is eligible to receive AAP benefits to the age of 21 if the initial AAP Agreement was signed when the child was at least 16 years of age and the child meets one of the following five AB12 participation criteria: 

• 1) Completing a high school or an equivalency program; or  

• 2) Enrolled in a post-secondary or vocational school; or  

• 3) Participating in a program or activity that promotes or removes barriers to employment; or  

• 4) Is employed at least 80 hours per month; or  

• 5) Is incapable of participating in 1 through 4 above, due to a mental or physical disability. 

If you think your child does qualify for an extension of his/her AAP benefits past their 18th birthday based on AB12, call the PAS Intake line at 800-735-4984 to request that DCFS extend the AAP benefits beyond the age of 18. You will need to provide DCFS with documentation that your child meets the criteria (i.e., provide copy of the child’s initial AAP agreement and documentation of meeting one of the criteria outlined in 1 through 5 above. You should call at least three months prior to your child’s 18th birthday. 

You may also call the Alliance at (213) 368-6010 for assistance with requesting continuation of AAP benefits with DCFS. If DCFS approves a continuation of your AAP benefits to age 21 under either of the circumstances explained above, you will sign a new AAP agreement with DCFS setting forth the AAP rate and extending the effective date to the child’s 21st birthday. 

In addition, your child may be eligible for AAP benefits to continue after he/she reaches age 18 under the specific circumstances of AB 12. Under this California law, a child is eligible to receive AAP benefits after reaching the age of 18 if the initial AAP Agreement was signed when the child was at least 16 years of age and the child will be age 18 on or after January 1, 2012; and one of the following five participation criteria is met:

• Completing a high school or an equivalency program; or 2. 
• Enrolled in a post-secondary or vocational school; or 3. 
• Participating in a program or activity that promotes or removes barriers to employment; or 4. 
• Is employed at least 80 hours per month; or 5. 
• Is incapable of participating in 1 through 4 above, due to a mental or physical disability.

If you think your child does qualify for an extension of his/her AAP benefits past their 18th birthday based on AB12, call the PAS Intake line at 800-735-4984 to request that DCFS extend the AAP benefits beyond the age of 18. You should call at least three months prior to your child’s 18th birthday.

Yes, there is funding available from AAP that will cover the cost of your child’s stay in certain Residential Treatment Centers (RTC) if that RTC meets specific qualifying guidelines. You may call the PAS Intake Line at 800-735-4984 for more information. Your entire AAP benefit will be forwarded to the RTC during your child’s stay at the RTC and will be reinstated to you once he/she returns to your home/care. 

Children who were in foster care and adopted at age 16 or older are eligible for the LA County DCFS Independent Living Program (ILP) services as if they were “emancipating” from the foster care system. The ILP Program supports current and former foster youth ages 16 – 21 in successfully transitioning to adulthood, and provides critical resources in the areas of life skills training, college readiness and financial aid, educational support, employment and housing. Such services could include high school graduation expenses; education-related and work-related costs; financial aid workshops; housing assistance; job placement and training; life skills training; reimbursement for some physical and mental health services costs that are not funded by Medi-Cal, including costs for classes or services related to parenting skills, nutrition, drug and alcohol use. At times, some of these services and resources may not be available due to limited funding. The ILP program receives a set budget every year from state and federal government sources. Please be aware that services and resources are distributed according to need and not as an entitlement. For more information, call the ILP Program at (213) 351-0100 or see their website at www.ilponline.org 

If you are in the process of adopting a child who will be age 16 or older at the time of the adoption finalization, the child’s social worker and/or your DCFS adoption worker should refer the teen to the ILP Program if the teen and the prospective adoptive parent(s) are interested in these benefits. An ILP Coordinator will be assigned to develop a written plan for services, and to help the teen access services. You may also call the Alliance at (213) 368-6010 for assistance.  

Yes, in 2013, California created a new type of adoption, called “non-minor dependent adoption,” that allows young adults between ages 18 and 21 that remain in the county’s AB12 extended foster care program to be legally adopted and to receive Adoption Assistance Program (AAP) benefits until they reach age 21.  

The adoption process for a non-minor dependent (or “NMD”) is different from the process for a foster care adoption for a minor child. NMD adoption is based on mutual consent (i.e., both the prospective adoptive parent(s) and the non-minor dependent must mutually agree to the adoption and sign an agreement). Termination of birth parents’ rights is not required. Also, while DCFS is required to prepare an NMD home assessment and write an adoption report to be submitted to the court, RFA approval is not required for non-minor dependent adoption. A petition for adoption of non-minor dependent, agreement of adoption, and order of adoption must be filed with the superior court, along with DCFS’ adoption report. 

• If you or a non-minor dependent in your care are interested in NMD adoption, you or the non-minor dependent may initiate the process by communicating your intent either verbally or in writing to the social worker, the NMD’s attorney, or during a review hearing in the NMD’s juvenile dependency case.  For more information or legal assistance with completing an NMD adoption, you may contact the Alliance at (213) 368-6010 and ask for the Adoption Program. To date, working in partnership with the Children’s Court and DCFS, the Alliance has completed over 75 non-minor dependent adoptions.    

No, in a foster care adoption, the dependency court terminated the parental rights of the child’s biological parents, thus “legally freeing” the child for adoption. This terminates all rights of the birth parents, including custody of or visitation with the child. Once the Adoption Order is granted by the superior court, all rights over and responsibilities for the child are exclusively vested in the adoptive parent(s). Any prior orders of the dependency court relating to visitation of the child’s birth parents are terminated and no longer in effect after the adoption. Any contact with the child’s birth relatives, including the biological parent(s), siblings or other relatives after the adoption is a decision in the sole discretion of the child’s adoptive parent(s). 

California law does permit adoptive parents to enter into voluntary “post-adoption contact agreements” with birth relatives of the child. (Family Code § 8616.5) However, it is important to understand that such post-adoption contact agreements are strictly voluntary; they cannot be ordered by the court or required by the county child welfare agency, the minor’s attorney, or any other party. They will only work where all parties entering into such an agreement do so willingly and with the full intention of working together. While the law does allow the minor’s attorney or social worker to convene a meeting (after termination of parental rights and before adoption finalization) with the child, sibling(s) of the child, prospective adoptive parent(s), and a facilitator for the purpose of exploring whether the parties are open to a voluntary post-adoption contact agreement with siblings or other birth relatives, the prospective adoptive parents cannot be required to agree to enter into a post-adoption contact agreement following the meeting. Such agreements should not be pushed on any of the parties by social workers, attorneys, or the courts. 

Despite having wonderful adoptive families, many children who are adopted desire to search for their birth families especially after turning 18. Most adoption support groups encourage adoptees to include their adoptive family in their search. Sometimes the adoptee does not realize that their parents may (or may not) possess information about the birth family. Many adoptive parents want to emotionally support their adult child as they navigate through the search process. Some advice to adoptive families is to support the adoptee in doing their search, help them understand that it’ s perfectly normal to want to know about every aspect of their background, and acknowledge that they are not looking for parental replacements but for the very beginning of their story. 

While a child’s dependency court case is open (i.e., before finalization of the adoption), if a birth parent tells their child’s social worker that they would like to have contact with their child after the child reaches adulthood, the birth parents may submit a notarized Consent for Contact form (AD 904) and have it placed in their child’s case file. If, after the child turns 18, he or she wants the Los Angeles County Department of Children and Family Services Post–Adoption Services (PAS) to assist them in locating and reuniting with their birth parents, he or she can call the DCFS PAS Intake Line 800-735-4984 and submit the same form. This form allows the PAS worker to disclose the name and phone numbers of the birth parent(s) to their adult biological child and vice-versa. The form is available on-line at http://www.cdss.ca.gov/cdssweb/entres/forms/English/AD904.PDF.  
 

DCFS’ PAS Unit is also able to facilitate reunions between sibling adoptees who have reached the age of 21 years. If an adoptee wants assistance from the DCFS PAS Unit in reuniting with their sibling(s) who were also adopted, they must submit a notarized Waiver of Rights to Confidentiality for Siblings form (AD 904A) to PAS. Once PAS receives these notarized forms from all parties, the PAS worker can facilitate a sibling reunion. These forms are also available on-line at http://www.cdss.ca.gov/cdssweb/entres/forms/English/AD904A.PDF